Student name:  _______________________________ Class: ___________

 

Evolution 2 worksheet.  (The worksheet consists of 25 questions.  For points your answer must be legible. Don't print the blanks too small so you cannot write the answers!  (For further information see the Evolution 2 worksheet Introduction.)

 

1.  Complete the sentence (from this web page):  Dinosaurs went extinct about  _____________ years ago, _______________________________ years ago.

_______________________________________________________________

The dead bodies of dinosaurs,  ______________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

Today the remnant organic material __________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

____________________________________________ (natural gas and oil).

Dinosaurs went extinct about 65 million years ago, long before human evolution started about 4 million years ago.

The dead bodies of dinosaurs, and other organisms that lived in the past, have over a period of millions of years decomposed and mineralized.

Today the remnant organic material of these organisms is the fuel we drive our cars on (gasoline and oil) or heat our houses with (natural gas and oil).

 

2.  Select the best answer: Dinosaurs went extinct about:

a.  100 years ago

b.  6,000 years ago

c.  4 million years ago

d.  65 million years ago

 

3.  Select the best answer: Human evolution started about:

a.  100 years ago

b.  6,000 years ago

c.  4 million years ago

d.  65 million years ago

 

4.  Select the best answer: Based on your knowledge when the dinosaurs went extinct and when human evolution started, did humans and dinosaurs coexist (lived at the same time)?

a.  Yes

b.  No

 

5.  Select the best answer: Fossil fuel:

a.  Oil

b.  Coal

c.  natural gas

d.  all of the above

 

Most of the evolution material in the environmental biology textbook is on page 83 in chapter 4. In the General Biology book it covers several chapters.  On page 83 read the section with the subtitle "Does acceptance of evolution preclude belief in a God?"  (If you are in the online class, or another class not using the bigger more detailed - - but also much more expensive - - textbook, click on the link for a scanned copy of the textbook page 83.)

 

6.  Select the best answer (from page 83):  Does acceptance of evolution preclude belief in a God?

a.  Yes

b.  Not necessarily

 

7.  Complete the sentence, (from page 83):  Many people believe thatŠ ______________________________________________________

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______________________________________________________

God created the conditions that make evolution possible and set the process in motion.

 

8.  Complete the statement from the American Association for the Advancement of Science:

The contemporary theory of biological evolution is _____________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

It is the foundation _______________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

To become informed _____________________________________

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______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

The contemporary theory of biological evolution is one of the most robust products of scientific inquiry. It is the foundation for research in many areas of biology as well as an essential element of science education.

To become informed and responsible citizens in our contemporary technological world, students need to study the theories and empirical evidence central to current scientific understanding.

 

9.  Complete the statement by Bishop Raymundo Peņa:

Also, the dedicated pursuit of _____________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

Also, the dedicated pursuit of scientific knowledge deserves our respect, and we should never be close-minded or dismissive of scientific claims if ever they seem to threaten our understanding of God's revelation to us.

 

10.  Complete the following statement by or about the Episcopal Church

The Episcopal Church accepted evolution in _______.

Although the Episcopal Church have not spoken officially on evolution, in a resolution passed by General Convention in 1982, the Church affirmed the ____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

The Episcopal Church accepted evolution in 1982.

Although the Episcopal Church have not spoken officially on evolution, in a resolution passed by General Convention in 1982, the Church affirmed the ability of God to create in any form and fashion, which would include evolution.

 

11.  Complete the following statement by or about the Episcopal Church:

The Bible 'contains all things necessary to salvation', but _______________

____________________________________________________________

 

The Bible, including Genesis, _____________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

The Bible 'contains all things necessary to salvation', but the Bible does "not contain all necessary truths about everything else".

"The Bible, including Genesis, is not a divinely dictated scientific textbook."

 

 

12.  (Complete the following statement by or about the Episcopal Church:

Isn't evolution just a theory? Theories are _____________________

______________________________________________________

 

When enough evidence supports a hypothesis that has been created to explain some __________________________________

______________________________________________________

 

A theory is a ___________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

 

The Big Bang theory and __________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

 

Biological evolution ______________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

_________________________________ of living species.

Isn't evolution just a theory? Theories are not mere guesses or hypotheses, as people often suppose.

When enough evidence supports a hypothesis that has been created to explain some facts of nature, it becomes a theory.

A theory is a well-established concept that is confirmed by further scientific discoveries and is able to predict new discoveries.

The Big Bang theory and cosmic evolution are confirmed by discoveries in physics ranging from the smallest known particles of matter to the processes by which galaxies are formed.

Biological evolution is a web of theories strongly supported by observations and experiments.  It fits in with what we know about the physical evolution of the universe, and has been confirmed by evidence gathered from the remains of extinct species and from the forms and environments of living species.

 

13.  (Select the best answer): The first Pope to accept biological evolution:

a.  John Paul II

b.  Pius XII

c.  No Pope has accepted evolution

 

The pope display an amazing insight and understanding of biology with the following statement in 1996 to the assembled Catholic scientists at the Pontifical Academy of Sciences:

 

14.  (Complete the following statement by the Pope)

Furthermore, while the formulation of a theory like that of _______

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

it borrows certain notions from natural philosophy. And, to tell the truth, _________________________________________________

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On the one hand, this plurality has to do with the different explanations advanced for the _____________________________

and on the other, with the various philosophies on which it is based. Hence the existence of materialist, reductionist and spiritualist interpretations. What is to be decided here is the true role of philosophy and, beyond it, of theology.

What is to be decided here is ______________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

Furthermore, while the formulation of a theory like that of evolution complies with the need for consistency with the observed data, it borrows certain notions from natural philosophy. And, to tell the truth, rather than the theory of evolution, we should speak of several theories of evolution. On the one hand, this plurality has to do with the different explanations advanced for the mechanism of evolution, and on the other, with the various philosophies on which it is based. Hence the existence of materialist, reductionist and spiritualist interpretations. What is to be decided here is the true role of philosophy and, beyond it, of theology.

 

15. Select the best interpretation of the statement by Pope John Paul II:

a.  Evolution happened, what is to be decided here is the true role of philosophy, and beyond it, of theology -- because of this new acceptance of the scientific findings about evolution.

b.  Evolution did not happen, we don't have to pay attention to science because it is junk.

c.  Write your own interpretation (and circle letter c):  __________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

 

Cardinal archbishop of Vienna, C. Schoenborn acknowledged common ancestry with the Apes but did (do) not accept evolution as an unguided, unplanned process of random variation and natural selection.

 

16.  Complete the following statement by the Cardinal

Evolution in the sense of __________________________________

______________________________________________________but evolution in the neo-Darwinian sense - an unguided, unplanned process of random variation and natural selection - is not.

Evolution in the sense of common ancestry might be true, but evolution in the neo-Darwinian sense - an unguided, unplanned process of random variation and natural selection - is not.

 

17.  Select the best answer: Cardinal archbishop of Vienna, C. Schoenborn acknowledged that common ancestry with the Apes might be true

a.  Yes

b.  No

 

18.  Select the best answer: Select the correct scientific understanding how the giraffe species got its long neck:

 

a.  Giraffes lengthened the neck by stretching to reach tree leaves, and then passed on this "acquired" trait of longer neck to their offspring.

b.  Giraffes that happened to be born with the "genetic" trait for longer necks were more successful in the struggle for survival, through natural selection produced more offspring, and passed on the trait for long necks to their offspring.

 

19.  Select the best answer: Select the correct scientific understanding who or what can evolve:

a.  Individuals, like your-self, evolve

b.  Populations, like a population of a certain species, evolve generation after generation

 

20.  Complete the following paragraph about taxonomy (classification):

Taxonomists classify organisms according to evolutionary relationships, into three domains__________________________________________

Figure 4.8 in the Environmental Biology textbook shows an evolutionary (phylogenetic) tree of the major groups (domain and kingdoms) of living organisms on Earth. The domain Eukarya is further divided into four kingdoms: Protista, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia. All groups have

 ____________________________________. All organisms on Earth are _____________________________, and have a ______________

_________________________________________________________

______________________________________ Modern techniques for ____________sequencing and ___________________analysis give us a molecular record that shows both relationships between groups and timing of _______________________ events.

Taxonomists classify organisms according to evolutionary relationships, into three domains: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Figure 4.8 in the Environmental Biology textbook shows an evolutionary (phylogenetic) tree of the major groups (domain and kingdoms) of living organisms on Earth. The domain Eukarya is further divided into four kingdoms: Protista, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia. All groups have common ancestry. All organisms on Earth are related, and have a common evolutionary line back to the start of life on earth about 4 billion years ago. "Modern techniques for DNA sequencing and protein analysis give us a molecular record that shows both relationships between groups and timing of evolutionary events.

 

21.  Answer the following about the evolutionary tree of humans:

The evolutionary tree of humans indicates that

a. Humans and the Chimpanzee have common ancestry

b. Humans and the Chimpanzee had a common evolutionary line that separated about 10 million years ago

c. Humans and the Chimpanzee had a common evolutionary line that separated about 5 million years ago

d.  both a and b are correct

e.  both a and c are correct

 

22.  Answer the following about the evolution of humans: The ape-to-human transition shows a change from many apelike characteristics (large jaw, small brain case, receding forehead), to more human characteristics (reduced jaw, larger brain case, smaller brow ridge)

Select the more human characteristics:

a.  large jaw, small brain case, receding forehead

b.  large jaw, small brain case, smaller brow ridge

c.  reduced jaw, larger brain case, smaller brow ridge

d.  reduced jaw, larger brain case, receding forehead

 

23.  Answer the following: According the Dr. Edward O. Wilson (Harvard University) he earliest known hominid in the fossil record is the man-ape called ___________________________________________________

 

24.  Complete the following paragraph about the evolution of the horse: The fossil record of the horse (which stretched back about ______ million years) shows a change, from a _____________, short horse living in a ________________ area, with short legs for moving in a forest, having many toes, and teeth shaped for eating shrubs, to a _____________, tall horse living on the _____________________, with long legs for running on the grass plains, having one toe, and teeth modified for grazing.

The fossil record of the horse (which stretched back about 50 million years) shows a change, from a small, short horse living in a forested area, with short legs for moving in a forest, having many toes, and teeth shaped for eating shrubs, to a larger, tall horse living on the grass plains, with long legs for running on the grass plains, having one toe, and teeth modified for grazing.

 

25.  Complete the following about the extinction of the dinosaurs:

__________________________________ roamed the earth for ___________

million years until an __________________________ hit _________________

______________________ coastline and caused the ____________________

of the ________________________________________________ years ago.

Giant reptiles roamed the earth for 200 million years until an asteroid hit Mexico's Yucatan coastline and caused the extinction of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago.

 

This is the end of the worksheet.  You must turn in the worksheet as indicated in the instructions.  For due date see the semester calendar.